Energy
Consumption in Various Contexts
(from
Bodley 1985)
|
Type
of Society
|
Daily
Kilocalories
per
Person
|
|
Bands
and Tribes
|
4,000-12,000
|
|
Preindustrial
states
|
26,000
(maximum)
|
|
Early
industrial states
|
70,000
|
|
Americans
in 1970
|
230,000
|
|
Americans
in 1990
|
275,000
|
In
1996 total American consumption was more than all the energy consumed by
China, Japan, and India combined (Bodley 2001: 81).
China,
with 21 percent of the world’s population, consumed less than 12 percent
of the world’s commercial energy, about half the American total (Bodley
2001: 81).
Development:Terms
Development:
the notion that some countries are poor because they have small industrial
plants and few lines of communication and that they should pursue wealth
by acquiring these things.
Sustainable
Development:economic development
that has its goal as planning and implementing projects which will benefit
local people and which will eventually be able to continue without outside
help or intervention
Appropriate
Technology:technology which is appropriate
to local needs--the idea is that the simplest least energy consuming methods
should be tried first (this goes hand in hand with sustainability)
Participatory
Development:a method for planning
and implementing projects which includes local people at as many stages
as possible or feasible
Grassroots
Development:projects based on local
organizing and ideas, and implemented by local people (can be supported
by outside funds)